Pleasure - Morality Essay Example for Free

Pleasure Morality Essay Mill is an heir of an intellectual movement in England known as Utilitarianism; utilitarianism is concerned with the acquisition of pleasure and elimination of pain. John Stuart Mill follows the guidelines of utilitarianism in order to decide if certain actions are moral. Utilitarianism states that a person should perform the action that produces the most pleasurable outcome for every person involved. In order to accurately judge if one pleasure is greater than another, the person must be unprejudiced and have experienced both; such judges will prefer the higher pleasures over the lower ones. However, Mill recognizes that people aren’t always driven to follow moral social standards, because the reasons behind their actions can be not only external but internal as well. What Mill means is that expectations of us from our peers and from a higher being, such as God, do not obligate us to follow these rules set out by society; it is our own feeling within that holds us accountable to these standards. Lastly, Mill believes that in order to be a moral creature, we must obey the three conditions of utility: 1) Goodness is understood as production of happiness, elimination of pain, 2) for all of those concerned with the action, and 3) each counts for one and â€Å"no more than one. † Utilitarian’s believe that a person’s actions are right if they produce happiness; â€Å"the greatest happiness of greatest number,†(Denise, Peterfreund, and White, p. 158). Michael, Peter and Samir are employees at Initech and are planning scamming the company by installing a computer virus that skims money out of the company’s bank account. Mill would look at this action by looking at the conditions of utilitarianism. Although they meet the first criteria of producing happiness through the elimination of pain by acquiring large amounts of money, they do not meet part two or three. In regards to part two, it does produce happiness for the ones directly performing the scam but it indirectly affects the other members working for Initech as well as stakeholders and therefore causes pain for those indirectly affected. Lastly, the third condition to count for one and only one is not met because a lot of people are involved. Mill also considers that in order for an action to be moral, it must come from within. Peter, being the leader of this scam, has no internal morals or considerations for those around him. Michael and Samir are only involved in this scam because they are the brains in this operation and it wouldn’t be possible to perform this action otherwise. Mill believes that although people are motivated by their own desires and they shouldn’t act on them. However, Peter, Michael, and Samir do just that. Mill thinks that when people are excessively fortunate that they are incapable of enjoying it because it only benefits themselves. This goes to show that their scam is immoral because it only directly increases their happiness due to their own self-interests. Also, Mill argues that a person with high capacities will need more to make him happy and therefore is capable of experiencing larger quantities of pain; however, they still shouldn’t allow this to lower their expectations and faculties. Although Peter has experienced a prolonged period of pain while working at Initech through tedious tasks and constant pressure from his eight bosses, this should not be a good enough reason for him to affect others’ faculties and reduce their worth as human beings. Mill says,† it is greater to be a man dissatisfied than a pig satisfied,† (p. 162). In other words, Peter is not capable of experiencing the highest form of pleasure, and therefore chooses to increase the lower pleasures, lowering his existence in the world. Many people who start off wanting everything which is moral sometimes turn to selfish measures. The reason why so many people end up becoming selfish is due to being in occupations that lower their aspirations of something greater; which may be a reason why Michael, Peter, and Samir choose to go through with this scam. They are not unprejudiced judges because they do not know what higher pleasures consist of; due to lack of opportunity. Considering all of these utilitarian schemes, Mill would argue that although on the surface Michael, Samir, and Peter seem to be acting immorally, they could possibly be unable to accurately judge both the higher and lower pleasures because they were not capable of enjoying the higher pleasures.

Comparing the Assimilation into American Culture of the Irish and the Native American :: Compare Contrast Sociological Boundaries

Comparing the Assimilation into American Culture of the Irish and the Native American Many people would agree that the Irish have been successful in assimilating into American culture and the Native American has been unsuccessful. There have been many boundaries that both groups have encountered but they are more of a hardship for the Native American. These include Racial and Cultural boundaries, Personal boundaries, Sociological boundaries, Political and Economic boundaries, and Geographical boundaries.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Racial and Cultural boundaries are probably the hardest obstacle that Native Americans have encountered. These are the physical differences. The Irish are a group of people that speak English. Since English is the national language of the United States and most people in America speak English, this was an obstacle that the Irish did not have to overcome. The Native Americans, however, did not speak English, so before they could function as a full member of society and get a good job they first had to learn how to speak English. The Irish are also for the most part a Catholic group. The Native Americans were not, this was another hardship for them. Most of the Irish customs were similar to those already being practiced in the United States. Native Americans had customs that were very different.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another boundary that was harder for the Native Americans than the Irish was personal boundaries. Native Americans had less education then the Irish did, they also did not know English and that was another hardship they faced. Both Native Americans and the Irish started out working in blue collar jobs, but the Irish eventually made there way out and into the white collar world. Native Americans still hold blue collar jobs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sociological boundaries were another set of boundaries that both groups had to face. There were not many Native Americans left due to wars between individual tribes, the trail of tears and other similar walks to reservations, and to disease. So there were not many Native Americans left to assimilate into American culture. Comparing the Assimilation into American Culture of the Irish and the Native American :: Compare Contrast Sociological Boundaries Comparing the Assimilation into American Culture of the Irish and the Native American Many people would agree that the Irish have been successful in assimilating into American culture and the Native American has been unsuccessful. There have been many boundaries that both groups have encountered but they are more of a hardship for the Native American. These include Racial and Cultural boundaries, Personal boundaries, Sociological boundaries, Political and Economic boundaries, and Geographical boundaries.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Racial and Cultural boundaries are probably the hardest obstacle that Native Americans have encountered. These are the physical differences. The Irish are a group of people that speak English. Since English is the national language of the United States and most people in America speak English, this was an obstacle that the Irish did not have to overcome. The Native Americans, however, did not speak English, so before they could function as a full member of society and get a good job they first had to learn how to speak English. The Irish are also for the most part a Catholic group. The Native Americans were not, this was another hardship for them. Most of the Irish customs were similar to those already being practiced in the United States. Native Americans had customs that were very different.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another boundary that was harder for the Native Americans than the Irish was personal boundaries. Native Americans had less education then the Irish did, they also did not know English and that was another hardship they faced. Both Native Americans and the Irish started out working in blue collar jobs, but the Irish eventually made there way out and into the white collar world. Native Americans still hold blue collar jobs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sociological boundaries were another set of boundaries that both groups had to face. There were not many Native Americans left due to wars between individual tribes, the trail of tears and other similar walks to reservations, and to disease. So there were not many Native Americans left to assimilate into American culture.

The Advantages of Being Bilingual

1. The advantages of being bilingual There are many advantages of being bilingual. It can get you many places in life and could help you in a time of need. Knowing English as a second language is a good thing in many western countries. There are many English-speaking people in western countries and knowing English will help you to communicate with people. Also, I travel to America a lot for vacations, so knowing English helps. The third is that if I want to have a conversation with foreigner it could help me. As so many advantages of being bilingual, if you want to improve your skills in connecting with foreigners, you should start learning another language.2. Ways to meet people in a new placeIt can be difficult to meet people in a new city if you don’t know where to look for and how to find them. One of the easiest way to meet people is by starting visiting your local restaurants and bars. Many people come to bars to get a break from their daily tiring schedule and they are more interested in meeting or chattin g with new people.Second ways is by getting to know your friend’s friends. Go to all the house parties and birthday parties that you get invited to. There you will be introduced to meet new people through you friends. Last, network might be a good way for making new friends and meeting new people. And those people could lead you to more new friends. Whatever you do, don’t be afraid to introduce yourself. Learning to easily meet new people can open doors in life, not only doors to new relationships, but also new friendships, and new career opportunities.3. Advantages of growing up in a small townThere are several advantages of growing up in a small town. First of all, living and air quality may make people healthier. If we grow up in a small town which has fresh air and no pollution, we can get healthy body. The second advantage is that the people in small town are easy to get along with. You don’t need to think about how to deal with them, just lived with them n aturally. And they are willing to help each other. The third advantage of growing up in a small town is people there usually have good attitude. Because there is nothing to worry about and life is much simple. To sum up, growing up in a small town make people feel more comfortable and relaxing.4. Disadvantages of growing up in a small townThere are several disadvantages of growing up in a small town. First of all, you don’t have as many job opportunities. It’s not convenient to get news and message, so less and less company would like to set their factories in a small town. The second disadvantage is that everyone knows your business. Once you tell a person, the things will get around town fast. The third disadvantage of growing up in a small town is you have nothing to do because there is nothing to do.

Women Should Have 3d Mammograms - 1394 Words

Women Should Have 3D Mammograms Standard Number; 6.4.D Technology has changed drastically over the last several decades; for instance, telephones have gone from rotary style with party lines to individual wireless phones the size of your palm. Similarly, mammograms have gone through a transformation due to technological advances. In the past, mammograms were performed by compressing breast tissue, and a series of 2D pictures were taken. This process took a long time and was very painful and uncomfortable. This made many women reluctant to go through the process of mammography; however, in the last few years, a new form of mammography has been evolving with new technology. The old 2D mammography has been updated to the new style of 3D†¦show more content†¦Additionally, invasive tumors that may not be detected by regular mammograms are detectable by 3D mammography (â€Å"3D Mammograms†). The one-size-fits-all mammography testing and guidelines have changed over the years due to the fact that there are differences in the siz e and density of breasts. The detection rates of lumps and suspicious tissues in the breast area have also risen with the 3D mammography. This is why it is important to have a 3D mammography along with a standard digital mammography (â€Å"3DMammography†) The second reason men and women should have a 3D mammography is the clearer picture that is produced. It allows a doctor to see lumps and cancerous tissues that would be otherwise hidden on the standard mammography because the breast tissues are compressed, which creates overlapping sections of breast tissue. The standard 2D mammography is not able to see what is in the depths of the overlapping tissues as it uses only two directions to take each picture in the series of pictures (â€Å"Digital†). 3D mammography is a new kind of testing, which eliminates multiple x-rays of the breast area as it uses an x-ray tube that takes eleven pictures in seven seconds while moving in an arc around the breast, and creating a 3D image (â€Å"Digital†). 3D mammograms will show if there is any type of small lump. It can detect the cancerous cells and lumps better as result of better imaging and with less pressure than a